Feminism And Anorexi A Complex Alliance - 888 Words

Feminism and Anorexia In America today, there are unrealistic beauty standards women must face daily. When women can not meet this idea of perfection pushed by society, some women will risk their health just to fit a cultural stigma. Women are held to an insanely high criterion when it comes to beauty which tends to lead to negative body image. Ten percent of women in The United States of America report symptoms consistent with eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating. Which concludes that a total of 75 percent of all American women endorse some unhealthy thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to food or their body image-UNC Medical Department Although eating disorders are not subjective to women only, after reading â€Å"Beating Anorexia and Gaining Feminism† Marni Grossman and â€Å"Feminism and Anorexia: A Complex Alliance† Su Holmes, I will discuss how eating disorders coexist in the lives of women who struggle with body image, and what feminism can do to give thes e women a second chance. While reading â€Å"Beating Anorexia and Gaining Feminism† Marni Grossman, Grossman models how a woman’s image reins supreme towering over any other attribute she may posses merely to fit the beauty norm. By sharing her personal experience about recovering from anorexia, Grossman explains how feminism saved her life. Although growing up in a feminist-friendly household, she became engrossed in the standard of beauty mass-media projects at the age of 16. Because of the social

America s History Review Questions - 973 Words

Arnav Velaparthi Period 4 2/8/15 APUSH Chapter 16 America’s History Review Questions 1. During the Civil War and Reconstruction period, Republicans made vast efforts in improving domestic economic growth. A transcontinental railroad was first enacted to not only increase the speed of travelling from the Atlantic to the Pacific, but to also increase trade with other nations, and bolster the farming and tourism of the West. The railroad would help populate areas in the West, which would help make America the highway of nations. Private companies were called upon by Republicans to help fund the railroad, even though they were still provided with loans, public grants of land, and various subsidies. These railroad companies had a significant†¦show more content†¦While Democrats argued that protective tariffs would be detrimental to consumers, especially from the South, tariff revenues were able to give America an edge over other nations in the market. Even though tariffs would result in more jobs, help eliminate poverty, and protect workers, corporations failed t o pass their benefits to workers, and gained monopolistic power. Furthermore, adhering to the gold standard was another critical economic decision for Republicans. In effort to replace â€Å"bimettalism,† Republicans adopted the gold standard. While it did attract investment capital from European nations, and led to the exchange of U.S. bonds and currency, the gold standard plummeted the nation’s money supply as silver was more abundant. Thus, the national policies implemented by the Republicans during the Civil War and Reconstruction were able to stimulate economic growth, but also at times hinder growth. 2. The trans-Mississppi west area saw a period of significant economic growth following the Civil War. The transcontinental road played a critical role in trade, tourism, and farming in the West. The Homestead Act, which granted 160 acres of federal land to anyone who could improve the property, was a mere effort to help build the interior West and attract farming. However, farmers soon saw themselves struggling as the land granted was not suitable for farming, and would require larger plots of land for

Oresteia Essay Example For Students

Oresteia Essay Progression Towards Light Aeschylus use of darkness and light as a consistent image in the Oresteia depicts a progression from evil to goodness, disorder to order. In the Oresteia, there exists a situation among mortals which has gotten out of control; a cycle of death has arisen in the house of Atreus. There also exists a divine disorder within the story which, as the situation of the mortals, must be brought to resolution: the Furies, an older generation of gods, are in conflict with the younger Olympian gods because they have been refused their ancient right to avenge murders between members of the same family. The Oresteia presents two parallel conflicts, both of which must be resolved if harmony is ever to be desired again. As one can expect, these conflicts eventually do find their resolutions, and the images of darkness and light accompany this progression, thereby emphasizing the movement from evil to good. The use of darkness imagery first emerges in the Agamemnon. In this first play of the trilogy, the cycle of death which began with the murder and consumption of Thyestes children continues with Clytaemestras murder of Agamemnon and Cassandra. The darkness which is present in the beginning of the story is further magnified by the death of Agamemnon. This is illustrated when Clytaemestra says, Thus he Agamemnon went down, and the life struggled out of him; and as he died he spattered me with the dark red and violent driven rain of bitter savored blood (lines 1388-1390). Clytaemestra has evilly and maliciously murdered her own husband; thus the image of the dark blood. The darkness is representative of the evil which has permeated the house of Atreus, and which has persisted with this latest gruesome act of murder. Because darkness results from the death of Agamemnon, Aeschylus clearly illustrates that this murder was nothing but pure evil. As long as this type of evil continues to be practiced in the house of Atreus, darkness will continue to emerge. The Oresteia has not yet seen the light. The beginning of the progression from darkness to light can initially be seen in the second play of the trilogy, The Libation Bearers. Orestes is the embodiment of this light, a beacon signalling a possible end in the evil that has infected the house of Atreus. It is true that Orestes, in revenge for Agamemnon, kills his mother Clytaemestra. Yet the darkness that is expected from such a murder, a matricide, is negated by one of the main reasons that Orestes commits the murder: his fear of the wrath of Apollo, who has ordered him to commit the deadly act. Aeschylus provides Orestes with a justification for his action in the form of the oracle from Apollo. For not only does Orestes murder of his mother fail to differ greatly from Clytaemestras murder of Agamemnon, but it can in fact be seen as a worse crime because of the blood ties. Therefore, in order to convincingly prove his assertion that Orestes is justified in killing his mother, Aeschylus must include the order from Apollo, wh o by no mere coincidence is the god of light. With the divine support of the light god on his side, Orestes is the beginning of the progressive illumination towards goodness and order in the Oresteia. Another example of Orestes introduction of light into a story of darkness occurs later in The Libation Bearers. The chorus is describing the dream that Clytaemestra has had of giving birth to a snake, which represents Orestes. The chorus sings of Clytaemestras fear as she awakens from the nightmare: She woke screaming out of her sleep, shaky with fear, as torches kindled all about the house, out of the blind dark that had been on them (lines 535-537). Aeschylus describes the house of Clytaemestra, the rightful house of Atreus and the Atridae, as dark; this darkness has been caused by none other than her own murderous deeds. She has dreamt of the coming of her son Orestes to avenge his father, and the torches that light up the house signal this coming. Clearly, Orestes is the man who will restore light to the house of Atreus. .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .postImageUrl , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:hover , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:visited , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:active { border:0!important; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:active , .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9 .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue25cc89722b873dd123d9ba1f01d3fd9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: THE SECOND AMENDMENT: Essay Orestes is looked upon by those characters sympathetic to his plight (namely Electra and the chorus of The Libation Bearers) as the light which will bring an end to the evil in the house of Atreus. Soon after Orestes reveals his identity to his sister, he proclaims that he will avenge his fathers murder. The chorus, who represent the subjects of the late Agamemnon, express their gratitude for Orestes decision when they say, But when strength came back hope lifted me again, and the sorrow was gone and the light was on me (lines 415-417). Orestes arrival and his resolution to make his mother pay for her crimes illuminates the darkness which Clytae mestra has brought upon the royal house; the chorus, in proclaiming that the light is on them, recognize that Orestes is the man who will achieve this illumination. Electra also recognizes that Orestes will bring good to an evil situation: O bright beloved presence, you bring back four lives to me (lines 238-239). Orestes presence brightens the dark, gloomy state of mind of Electra just as it brightens the dark, gloomy situation in the house of Atreus. Following the murder of Clytaemestra and Aegisthus at the hands of Orestes, light is finally restored to the conflict within the mortal house of Atreus. Orestes has fulfilled the oracle imposed upon him by Apollo, and the darkness, the evil of Clytaemestra, has been defeated. In reference to this defeat, the chorus proclaims, Light is here to behold. The big hit that held our house is taken away (lines 961-962). The disorder and darkness that had reigned in the house of Atreus exists no longer; Orestes has given his family illumination. The evil darkness has been overcome by the good light. Another way in which Aeschylus manifests the imagery of light and darkness is through the conflict between the Olympic and Chthonic gods. The Olympic gods are represented in the Oresteia by Apollo and Athene. Aeschylus ties together the ideas of justice and reason, Athenes domain, with the idea of light, of which Apollo is god. By contrast, the black clad Chthonic gods, the Furies, tie together the idea of darkness with the idea of bloody revenge, which is their area of specialization. In the Eumenides, Pythia says of the Furies, They are black and utterly repulsive, and they snore with breath that drives one back (lines 52-53). The contrast between the two different races of gods sets up Aeschylus second progression from darkness to light in the Oresteia. The Furies are at first incapable of treating Orestes with the justice that he deserves. They do not take into account the circumstances under which Orestes killed his mother, specifically the pressure which he had received from Apollo. Therefore, the Furies are at first enraged that Athene allows Orestes to escape their dark and bloody vengeance. Eventually, however, the Furies hate begins to subside and they accept the arbitration of Athene, who offers them land and honor in Athens. This acceptance marks the beginning of their movement from darkness to light. They embrace the just attitude of the Olympic gods Apollo and Athene, progressing from a doctrine of bloody revenge to one of reason and justice. The light images emerge along with this progression, and the Furies proclaim near the end of the Eumenides: So with forecast of good I speak this prayer for them the citizens of Athens that the suns bright magnificence shall break out wave on wave of all the happiness life can give , across their land (lines 921-925). The Chthonic gods have given up their dark ways and have called for light. This light image is also manifested in the garments that the Furies change into at the end of the Eumenides: where they had previously worn black robes, they now wear bright crimson robes. Now calling themselves the Eumenides, or Benevolent Ones, these gods have progressed from symbols of evil darkness into symbols of bright goodness. .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .postImageUrl , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:hover , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:visited , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:active { border:0!important; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:active , .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5418777a9eaec0311eadba5243d225fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Enron The Smartest Guys In The Room Accounting Essay In his trilogy the Oresteia, Aeschylus use of darkness and light imagery coincides with his progression of themes. Orestes, who represents light, brings and end to the vicious cycle of dark death continued by Clytaemestra. He illuminates the dark evil in the house of Atreus. Likewise, Athene and Apollo bring the Furies out of their dark, blood-lusting ways and into an order of justice and reason, transforming them into the brightly clad Benevolent Ones. In the end, goodness prevails over evil just as light conquers darkness. Aeschylus effectively makes use of his images to emphasize this movement.

Victor Frankenstein Character Profile free essay sample

Victor Frankenstein, born into a wealthy Swiss family enjoyed an idyllic and indulged childhood. His parents were devoted to promoting his happiness: â€Å"I was their plaything and their idol. † From what is revealed about his parents, it becomes clear that they took the responsibility of their parenting role very seriously. They viewed â€Å"their child†¦whose future lot it was their hands to direct to happiness or misery, according as they fulfilled their duties towards me. † An orphan named Elizabeth, who is a similar age to Victor, is adopted into the family and becomes a loved companion. She is lovingly described by Victor as a â€Å"cherub,† who â€Å"shed radiance from her looks. † Victor then describes his early curiosity and passion for natural philosophy. At the University of Ingolstadt, Victor gets caught up in an obsessive desire for the pursuit of knowledge, which becomes a substitute for the life he formerly knew. He describes this as â€Å"Chance or rather the evil influence, the Angel of Destruction†¦asserted omnipotent sway over me from the moment I turned my reluctant steps from my father’s door. We will write a custom essay sample on Victor Frankenstein Character Profile or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Victor’s aim was to â€Å"pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation. † This fateful decision â€Å"decided my future destiny. † Philosophy and chemistry become his main focus areas and he spends most of his time in the laboratory, consumed by learning as much as he can about the â€Å"principle of life. † He cuts himself off from family and spends two years totally absorbed with his work on human anatomy. From this we see the dehumanizing and degrading effect of isolation. We can also see that death becomes a main feature of his work: â€Å"To examine the causes of life, we must first have recourse to death. † Victor describes how death resulted in the â€Å"fine form of man† becoming â€Å"degraded and wasted† by the â€Å"corruption of death. † Up to this part of the novel, we can see that Victor is a loving but self-centered person. He is aware of others but more focused on his own ambitions. After assembling the body parts taken from the dead, the monster is finally brought to life on a November night. Instead of happiness and joy, Victor shows horror and disgust towards the monster that he just created: â€Å"I beheld the wretch-the miserable monster whom I had created† He flees the lab in terror, even though the monster has shown no sign of violence. Through the central chapters of the novel, we see how the monster is forced to flee and become an outcast. When the monster and Victor finally meet we discover that the monster is not actually evil. His actions were due to his suffering and how he was so heartlessly abandoned. It is this rejection and loneliness that has made him so resentful. Victor’s language in speaking to the monster he created reveals a lack of restraint and discipline: â€Å"Devil†¦vile insect†¦ abhorred monster†¦fiend. † This reflects the lack of compassion and inhumanity we see when he isolated himself to create the monster. In contrast, the monster talks in a logical, calm and eloquent manner. The monster talks about his education and life, which arouses our sympathies.

The Monsoon Cycle Defined

The Monsoon Cycle Defined Every summer, southern Asia and especially India, is drenched by rain that comes from moist air masses that move in from the Indian Ocean to the south. These rains  and the air masses that bring them  are known as monsoons. More Than Rain However, the term monsoon refers not only to the summer rains but to the entire cycle that consists of both summer moist onshore winds and rain from the south as well as the offshore dry winter winds that blow from the continent to the Indian Ocean. The Arabic word for season, mawsin, is the origin of the word monsoon due to their annual appearance. Although the precise cause of the monsoons is not fully understood, no one disputes that air pressure is one of the primary factors. In the summer, a high-pressure area lies over the Indian Ocean while a low exists over the Asian continent. The air masses move from the high pressure over the ocean to the low over the continent, bringing moisture-laden air to south Asia. Other Monsoon Areas During winter, the process is reversed and a low sits over the Indian Ocean while a high lies over the Tibetan plateau so air flows down the Himalaya and south to the ocean. The migration of trade winds and westerlies also contributes to the monsoons. Smaller monsoons take place in equatorial Africa, northern Australia, and, to a lesser extent, in the southwestern United States. Almost half of the worlds population lives in areas affected by the monsoons of Asia and most of these people are subsistence farmers, so the coming and goings of the monsoon are vital to their livelihood to grow food to feed themselves. Too much or too little rain from the monsoon can mean disaster in the form of famine or flood. The wet monsoons, which begins almost suddenly in June, are especially important to India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar (Burma). They are responsible for almost 90 percent of Indias water supply. The rains usually last until September.

Beneficios migratorios de matrimonio con puertorriqueño

Beneficios migratorios de matrimonio con puertorriqueà ±o Cuando una persona extranjera se casa con un puertorriqueà ±o, en la Isla o en uno de los 50 estados de la Unià ³n Americana, produce los mismos efectos migratorios que casarse con un nativo de Iowa o Texas o con un ciudadano que adquirià ³ la nacionalidad por naturalizacià ³n. Desde el punto de vista legal en todos los casos dichos se trata de lo mismo: matrimonio con un ciudadano americano. Aunque Puerto Rico tiene estatus de Territorio o Commonwealth, su gente es ciudadana americana desde el momento de su nacimiento.   Resaltar, adems, que  la ley de inmigracià ³n que aplica en Puerto Rico es la de Estados Unidos. Efectos migratorios de matrimonio con un puertorriqueà ±o Los puertorriqueà ±os que se casan con una persona extranjera pueden solicitar para sus cà ³nyuges la green card o tarjeta de residencia permanente por matrimonio. Esto aplica tanto a matrimonios entre un varà ³n y una mujer como al conformado por dos personas del mismo sexo.   El matrimonio puede haberse celebrado en Puerto Rico, Estados Unidos o en cualquier otro paà ­s, siempre y cuando sea vlido. Tener en cuenta que si un ciudadano inicia la  tramitacià ³n para pedir a su cà ³nyuge, puede cancelar la solicitud  en cualquier momento del proceso, si cree que realmente  no est tan enamorado  como creà ­a o que la otra persona quiere ms a los papeles que al novio/a. La peticià ³n de la green card para un cà ³nyuge siempre se inicia con el Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Naturalizacià ³n (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Dependiendo del lugar en el que se encuentre el cà ³nyuge para el que se piden los papeles, se puede seguir uno de los 2 trmites siguientes: ajuste de estatus si ya est en Estados Unidos y sus territorios y puede ajustar su estatus. En este caso se puede presentar conjuntamente la peticià ³n de cà ³nyuge y el ajuste de estatus.procedimiento consular, para cuando el cà ³nyuge pedido est fuera de Estados Unidos y sus territorios o cuando sà ­ est presente en EE.UU. pero no puede ajustar su estatus. Por ejemplo, si est como indocumentado e ingresà ³ al paà ­s cruzando ilegalmente la frontera. Si el cà ³nyuge extranjero tiene hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os, el puertorriqueà ±o puede pedir una green card para estos  hijastros, presentando una solicitud diferente para cada menor que se desea pedir. Adems, si la green card se obtiene antes de cumplir los 2 aà ±os de casado, el cà ³nyuge pedido recibir una tarjeta de residencia no permanente y est obligado a levantar la condicionalidad al cumplirse dos aà ±os desde que recibià ³ la tarjeta verde. Finalmente, despuà ©s de tres aà ±os casado, el extranjero puede solicitar adquirir la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense por naturalizacià ³n. Problemas que pueden surgir en la tramitacià ³n de la green card por matrimonio En una peticià ³n de esposos bsicamente pueden aparecer 4 problemas: Que el solicitante no pueda hacerlo porque cometià ³ en el pasado ciertos delitos que lo incapacitan para pedir a un familiar. Son los llamados Adam Walsh.Que el solicitante no tenga  recursos econà ³micos suficientes para patrocinar  y no encuentra copatrocinador.Que el USCIS no se cree que el matrimonio es de verdad.  Estas son preguntas tà ­picas  que sirven a los oficiales de inmigracià ³n para determinar si el casamiento es de verdad o se trata de uno fraudulento para obtener los papeles.Que la persona extranjera para la que se piden los papeles tiene en sus circunstancia al menos una que  va a hacer que la peticià ³n se deniegue  por considerar que es inadmisible para los Estados Unidos. En este à ºltimo caso caben varias posibilidades, pero es muy importante entender que estar casado con un ciudadano, en este caso un puertorriqueà ±o, no da derecho a arreglar los papeles si no se cumplen todos los requisitos legales. Por ejemplo, un indocumentado que ingresà ³ a Estados Unidos cruzando ilegalmente la frontera no puede ajustar el estatus en el paà ­s. Y, si inicia los trmites, tendr que salir a una entrevista a un consulado estadounidense y en el momento en el que sale aplica el castigo o penalidad de los 3 o de los 10 aà ±os  por presencia ilegal.  Y a partir de ahà ­, todo son problemas. Por eso es fundamental antes de iniciar los trmites asesorarse adecuadamente para saber si se puede arreglar los papeles o si van a surgir problemas graves. Adems, saber cundo es posible solicitar un waiver, tambià ©n conocido como perdà ³n, para arreglar el problema y cundo ni siquiera la ley permite hacerlo. Opciones para novios Cualquier ciudadano americano que està © pensando en casarse en Estados Unidos  con su novio/a extranjero que reside en otro paà ­s puede considerar la opcià ³n de una peticià ³n de visa K-1 para prometidos (fiancà ©). En este caso la boda tendrà ­a que producirse dentro de los 90 dà ­as siguientes al ingreso del novio extranjero a Estados Unidos o Puerto Rico. La posibilidad de pedir una visa K-1 sà ³lo beneficia a ciudadanos americanos, no pueden solicitarla los residentes permanentes legales. Estos sà ­ pueden pedir a sus cà ³nyuges, pero ya deben haber contraà ­do matrimonio. Por el contrario, si un novio extranjero sà ³lo desea visitar a su enamorado boricua, entonces la visa a pedir es la de turista, a menos que se pertenezca a un paà ­s del Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados y la duracià ³n de la estancia sea inferior a 90 dà ­as. Viajar a Puerto Rico Documentacià ³n que se necesita para visitar Puerto Rico, desde otro paà ­s o desde uno de los estados de Estados Unidos. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Are humans superior to animals on the basis of our sophisticated used Essay

Are humans superior to animals on the basis of our sophisticated used of language - Essay Example In other words, while humans use language for various purposes, animals use language for very few purposes. Some animals that are capable of using a language are elephants, fishes, frogs, and monkeys, and bees. Some of these animals produce sounds to communicate. While some communicate using infrasound, some produce ultrasound, and such communication goes beyond human recognition. Otherwise, these animals depend on sign language. However, a look into scholarly works proves that humans have far more superior use of language. To illustrate, according to Gardner, humans use language for four essential purposes as described in his work ‘Frames of mind: the theory of multiple intelligences’. The very first use of language, according to Gardner is to induce an action in other people (17). For example, parents use language to tell their children to go and study; an employer sends a memo to his subordinate to assign a particular duty. In both the cases, the language is used to induce an action. However, if this is the sole purpose of using a language, animals too are capable of effectively using a language. To illustrate, according a study by Savage-Rumbaugh, Rumbaugh and Boysen, a bonobo chimpanzee named Kazi was able to learn as many as 20 words and constructed some sentences (59). That means, primates are capable of learning words and constructing sentences. Thus, they can induce action in others. However, people like Noam Chomsky do not recognize this as effective use of language. According to Chomsky, humans are capable of flying up to 30 feet as they do in Olympics; but, this does not mean that humans are capable of flying as birds are (12). In simple words, to say humans are capable of flight, they should fly for a considerable period of time, a considerable distance, and that too, in various angles and directions. The same is true in the case of language too. Though the

Essential Benefits of a Successful Non-Profit Volunteer Program Research Paper

Essential Benefits of a Successful Non-Profit Volunteer Program - Research Paper Example However, a number of constraints thwart their aspirations making them dejected in spite of having the zeal to touch the sky. The discussion aims at highlighting the importance and relevance of non-profit volunteer programs in shaping the life of millions through effective guidance and support. It needs to be understood that non-profit organizations work for creating a difference in the society that is divided on the basis of power and affluence. There is very little doubt over the impact and importance of education in reducing the cultural gap and beliefs. Education is often considered as a stepping stone for shaping the life of children who are often regarded as the future of the world. However, there are a number of developing and under-developed nations taking little initiatives in raising the education standards in order to strengthening the minds of children (Drucker 65) It needs to be mentioned that the education system in countries like Nepal, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe, Pakistan an d other African nations are not up to the global standards that often affects the intellectual growth and development of children along with posing great threats to their economies. In order to create a robust economy, it is important to reinforce the education systems through private and government support in the present as well as in the future. Essential Benefits of Creating Non- Profit Volunteer Programs In a world, where needs and demands are often not fulfilled, there is a need of creating non-profit volunteers programs. Most organizations across the world work for the generation of profit that makes business, a give and take activity. A non-profit volunteer program works for fulfilling the needs and demands of people finding it hard to survive without any help and support. It needs to be mentioned that education is considered as the best tool to eradicate poverty and social imbalances. Some of the essential benefits of creating a non-profit organization include: Non-profit or ganizations work for the development of people and society irrespective of social status and constraints The services offered by these organizations often change the face of the society in an effective manner These organizations are well supported by the governments and private organizations These organizations act as a support system for people having little access to sources and resources Non-profit organizations cater to the needs and demands of that section of the society that is snubbed by others. It helps in creating awareness along with changing the life of millions Creation of Non-Profit organizations bridge the gap between the rich and poor in an effective manner In order to create a happy and prosperous world, it is important to uplift all sections of the society. Moreover, education system should be structured and designed well to create awareness on education and non-profit organizations engaged in such initiatives are the greatest hope Room to Read Room to Read is a dre am of changing the life of millions of children across the world by offering them education and a platform to launch their dreams in order to be successful and accountable for the societies and nations. It started in the year 1998 with a visit by John Wood to a Nepali School where the library shelves were empty holding no children’s books. This led to the creation of Room to Read focused on offering education to every child irrespective of his financial position and religion. Gradually, it became a movement to raise the education standards in every part of the world along with lending a helping hand to millions of innocent eyes hoping to become doctors, engineers and managers. The education movement

Sociology concepts Essay Example for Free

Sociology concepts Essay The family’s influence on socialization has been decreasing on the recent past. The family plays a vital part in socialization. It is within the family that the basic personality, attitudes, values and moral ideas are laid down. It is upon this foundation that adult socialization is built. The socialization of a child is not only the function of the parents but also those of the extended family at large living with the child’s parents also participate as the socializing agent. The parent in conjunction with other socializing agents has the task of directing the behavioral development of the child towards the desired normative socially valued goals. While the parent is doing this he acts as a feedback mechanism of environmental information to his child, thus communicating messages to the child about what the parent sees as discrepancies in the child’s current behavior as he attempts to eliminate these discrepancies through training. But more immediately however, the parents’ training program is determined by his phenomenal field, a field in which environmental information is only one of several forces and may be muted in its effect on parental behavior. From general observation most parents use reward, punishment and instructions to shape the child’s behavior in the direction of social norms within the home and the environment. The child’s behavioral development goes on regardless of whether anyone is attempting to manipulate it to produce desirable habits. Maturational processes make new forms of behavior possible and the child is continuously interacting with his family members, experiencing gratification and frustration, suffering trauma and separation acquiring attachments and avoidances, observing the behavior of immediate family members, spontaneously imitating what he sees and developing pleasant and frightening fantasies and increasing differentiated patterns of thought and action. Parents usually begin to train their children the general domestic duties at about the age of six or seven years. As soon as the child is old enough and sensible enough to comprehend instructions, he starts to perform tasks by copying the activities of the family members. Various roles that used to be carried out by the family have been taken over by some agents such as counselors, media, peer groups, schools and many others. This roles includes but not limited to ; Training of children which is currently done in school while parents are busy working to raise some income. The other agents of socialization for a child include nursery or kindergarten schools, day care centers as well as primary and secondary schools and universities. Peer groups perform specific functions that include; Courtship – Role rehearsals such as courting behavior, sex-role adoption, and expression of aggression which among the role families used to play. Roles such as courting were mainly covered within the family circles but these days peers have had more influence. Peer group controls the affection, the approval and prestige accorded to the children. Because of this significant role, it performs important functions in the personality development of the child. They also play the role of inculcating new skills to children. Teachers also assume the role of parents and try to inculcate their values into the child. A child learns all kinds of skills from the teachers like technical skills and other skills that will shape and influence their future life. Role of shaping children behavior has been left to schools. Children are trained on how to become tolerant to each other and how to cope with difficult situations in life by becoming tolerant schools. Such changes will affect social relationships in our society because some of these agents might influence bad behaviors to the young children. Due to peer group influence a child can develop unacceptable behavior. The social relations in the society will be affected because as children mix up with others in schools they develop some unacceptable behaviors. The roles that have been taken by other socialization agents from the family have resulted to the coming of a culture that is not generally acceptable. The young generation which spends most of their time in schools away from their parents will develop behaviors that the elders do not prefer within the community. For example through peer group influence the young generation get exposed and influenced by the hip hop music, learning new characters that the old generation is against. Due to great exposure, influence of technology, peer group influence and the education gained by the young generation will not regard the views of their family members. Hence it will be difficult for the family to guide and shape the behavior of their young generation. REFERENCES Sullivan T. J. (2003) ; Sociology: concepts and applications in a diverse world; Addison-Wesley

Shakespeares Macbeth was a Tragic Hero :: Free Macbeth Essays

Macbeth was a Tragic Hero Macbeth exhibits most, if not all, of the classic traits of a Shakespearean tragic hero almost flawlessly. From his rise to greatness to his ultimate destruction and death, he is most certainly a tragic hero. At the beginning of the play, Macbeth is a thane--a high-ranking vassal to the king, much like a duke. Macbeth is also an extraordinary general. Macbeth meets three witches after his victory in a great battle. The witches already know his weakest point and act upon it. Their prophecies rap into his pride he becomes their overly-determined puppet. Ultimately, Hecate's final words in scene III.5 show us the true intent of the witches: "He shall spurn fate, scorn death, and bear His hopes 'bove, wisdom, grace, and fear: And you all know security Is mortals' chiefest enemy" (3.5.30-33). These lines give us a give us a glimpse at the witches' intent. Hecate's words also tell us a little bit about Macbeth and his pride. Although many have argued that Macbeth's flaw was "over-ambition", this author would have to disagree. Macbeth's pride ultimately was what killed him. His pride was what brought him to power as the witches prophesied. It fed his determination, and finally, in Act V, Macbeth's final lines show this pride in full-blook at its ugliest: "I will not yield, To kiss the ground before young Malcolm's feet, And to be baited with the rabble's cause. Though Birnam Wood be came to Dunisane, And thou opposed, being no woman born, Yet I will try the last. Before my body I throw my warlike shield. Lay on, Macduff; And damned be him that first cries "Hold, enough!" (5.8.28-34). If Macbeth had had less pride, he would likely have acted much differently. For one, he would have been more discerning of the witches and much less willing to believe the prophecies of his death. Macbeth has victories in many battles. His victories surely fill him with pride. His captain tells King Duncan of his victory in the following lines: "As the sparrows eagles, or the hair the lion. If I say sooth, I must report they were As canons overcharged with double cracks; So they doubly redoubled strokes upon the foe" (1.

Surrogates the Movie

Surrogates: â€Å"Look at yourselves, unplug from your chairs, get up, and look in the mirror what you see is how God made you we’re not meant to experience life through a machine. † This seems to be the moral of this movie in the year 2017 and takes place in Boston, MA. Bruce Willis plays an FBI detective named Tom Greer working on a very mysterious murder of a young man who is the son of a prominent inventor. A news style montage opens the movie and provides you with the fundamental basis for the movie. The viewer learns that the technology of Surrogates took 14 years to develop into the everyday application as it would be depicted in the film. The surrogate project started as a way to help the disabled experience life in a way that would not be possible and soon was taken over by military application to use these surrogates and warriors in the battlefield to preserve human life. It was the Military application that set up mass production of surrogates and this made surrogates affordable to the average consumer. Near the end of the 14 year montage it is established that 98% of the entire world has a surrogate and is using them for their everyday life so the user can remain at home in safety and never needs to risk the danger or inconvenience of leaving home. There is a group of people however that are in strict opposition to the new surrogate way of life. This group is called the Human Coalition and they live in Dread Reservations which are located within major cities all over the world. These reservations are considered surrogate free zones and are completely sovereign. This group of people does not tolerate any type of surrogate technology and preach the experience of the human condition as the truth. This seems to be a cut and dry good vs. vil movie at first and the two sides clearly established but as the movie moves along the lines become blurred and the twists are pronounced. Tom Greer and his partner are called to the scene of a seemingly normal vehicle accident late in the evening only to discover fairly quickly that this is not just an accident scene it’s a murder. While at the scene of the accident only surrogates are present and it is assumed the operators of the surrogates remain at their homes unharmed, but after furt her investigation by Tom the operators are dead in their operator chairs. Highly unusual because there haven’t been any murders in Boston for so long the Agents do not remember the last one. And this starts the investigation into the would be conspiracy that is the plot of the movie. The inventor of surrogates is a man named Dr. Lionel Canter, who was the target of the murder but instead of killing him the murder a Human Coalition member Miles Strickland killed his son who was borrowing his father’s surrogate. Tom is convinced that the Human Coalition is responsible for the murder and takes his surrogate into the sovereign territory in Boston where his surrogate is destroyed. Tom is now forced to abandon the surrogate and continue the investigation in the flesh. This is a shocking experience for him but eventually causes him to remember the human condition and experience. No matter the difficulty he experiences as a result of the sensory overload he continues the investigation. Next Tom discovers that the military had developed the weapon that would overload many surrogates with a single shot but an accidental byproduct of this weapon was that it actually killed the operator. The Military officials ordered that all if the weapons be destroyed and somehow one slipped through the cracks and was not destroyed and fell into the hands of manufacturer of the surrogates. The manufacturer VCI is proclaimed as one of the largest companies in the world and is a very powerful corporation. It was originally founded by Dr. Canter but due to differences in philosophy he was removed as President of the company but remained a beneficiary of the profits from the sale of surrogates. The excitement builds as Tom pursues the investigation and gets closer to figuring out the conspiracy. So far he has learned that a Human Coalition member murdered the son of a Dr Canter and that the target was actually Dr Canter himself but because his son used a surrogate belonging to Dr Canter the murderer thought that he was killing him but accidentally killed his son. The military in cooperation with VCI developed a weapon that would overload surrogates and shut them down in an effort to quickly win battles without casualties. A major problem was discovered with the weapon during its initial tests and it had unintentionally killed the operators of the surrogates. The weapon was ordered to be destroyed and of the 5 that were created only 4 were actually destroyed and one remained. The military did not know who had the remaining weapon but an assumption must be made that VCI had the weapon and somehow it had fallen in to the hands of the Human Coalition who were bent on the murder of Dr Canter for creating this new society that is an abomination. Tom reveals to the military that when he was in the Human Coalitions Boston reservation he knew the weapon was there and in the hands of their leader Zaire Powell. His attempt to convince the world that the surrogates are evil seems to be failing up to now. He now has the power to shut down every single surrogate all over the world but this action would result in the death of billions of people. The Military tells Tom to stand down and that they would take over the recovery of the weapon. Tom is drawn back in when his partner is killed and her surrogate is being used to gain access to the FBI surrogate control center. He discovers that Zaire Powell is actually a surrogate being controlled by Dr. Canter. This discovery takes Tom to Dr Canters home that is protected by surrogate guards that he must take down to reach Dr Canter in time. Canter had taken control of his partners surrogate and was in the headquarters of the FBI where he can access every surrogate at one time and use the weapon to download the overload virus killing every operator connected to their surrogate. When Tom reaches Dr Canter has already begun downloading the virus. Tom confronts Dr Canter and tries to convince him that killing this many people is not the way to accomplish his goal but it’s too late and in order to prevent Tom from stopping him Dr Canter takes a cyanide pill killing himself. Tom has no choice but to take over the surrogate of his partner and try to stop the virus from taking hold and killing billions of people. With the help of the programmer at the FBI surrogate control center he is able to isolate the operators from the virus. He then has to stop the isolate the surrogates themselves from the virus but in a last minute decision decides to allow the virus to shut down all the surrogates. He had saved the lives of many people but after having experiencing the human condition again decided that everyone should have that same experience again. This movie is full of twists and changes that are hard to follow. Overall, I don’t find this movie to be a great movie. The concepts could have been developed better and the twists should have been made with more information. The twists came without warning which is good for a twist but there was no information used to explain the twists in a way that would make it believable. I have learned that this movie was first a book and it is common that the themes in a book are not completely developed when it is turned in to a movie, however the concepts could have been portrayed and explained better. I did enjoy the idea of unplugging sometimes and to experience life outside of our home and disconnect from the internet and television. There are experiences our modern technology allows us to not have and in some cases this is not always a good thing. As a child I took a vacation to Yellowstone National Park and my children have not been able to experience this yet except for on the internet. They are not excited about making this trip because they believe they have experienced this park on the internet but as many adults know it is just not the same. I am concerned that as our children develop with more access to technology they will lose touch with the human experience so any movie, book, music, or other medium that express or shows the importance of the actual physical human experience is a great thing. I would recommend this movie to anyone for this purpose and I might also suggest that in order to fully understand this movie itself that it be watched two or three times. Watch it, enjoy it but most of all experience it.

Motivating and Rewarding Employee Performance

Motivating and Rewarding Employee Performance *Mars Model A model that outlines the four factors that influence an employee’s voluntary behavior and resulting preformance. The motivation,ability,role perceptions and situational factors. *Motivation The forces within a person that affects his or her direction,intensity,and persistence of voluntary behavior. *Ability Consists of both the natural aptitudes and learned capabilities required to succesfully complete a task. Role Perceptions Employees who feel engaged in their jobs not only have the necessary motivation and competencies to perform their work but also understand the specific tasks assigned to them. *Situational Factors Include conditions beyond the employees immediate control that constrain or facilitate his or her behavior and performances. Motivating Employee: A Three-Part Process Part 1: Managing Motivation through Drives and Needs *Drives Instinctive tendencies to seek particular goals or maintain internal stabili ty. Needs Mostly conscious deficiencies that energize or trigger behaviors to satisfy your needs. *Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory A motivation theory of needs arranged in a hierarchy,whereby people are motivated to fulfill a higher need as a lower one becomes gratified. Four-Drive Theory A motivation theory based on the innate drives to acquire,bond,learn and defend that incorporates both emotions and rationality. *Drive to Acquire This is to seek,take,control and retain o bjects and personal experiences. Drive to Bond This is to drive to form social relationship and develop mutual caring and commitments w/ others. *Drive to Learn This is to drive to satisfy our curiosity,to know and understand ourselves and the environment around us. *Drive to Defend This drive creates a â€Å"fight-or-flight† response in the face of personal danger. Part 2: Managing Motivation through Goals,Expectations and Feedback *Goal Setting and Feedback The process of motivating employees and clarifying their role perceptions by establishing performance objectives. Prepared by:Harieth Velasco

Community Policing Programs in The U.S.

Community Policing Programs in The U.S. Community policing can be defined as the partnership between a community and police officers to solve criminal problems which affect residents living there. It is a form of law enforcement which builds partnerships between police officers and members of communities with high criminal incidents meant to tackle the problem. Community policing has been used in different countries to enhance the safety and well being of all citizens by reducing crime rates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Policing Programs in The U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The U.S. is reputed to be one of the first countries in the world which embraced the concept of community policing. However, some urban areas in the US are full of violent criminal gangs which commit crimes recklessly. They mete out violence to their victims who are left with physical and psychological scars for the rest of their lives (Inciardi 122). Community pol icing offers law enforcement agencies an opportunity to handle criminal incidents before they happen by involving members of the public who report to the police promptly. Community policing programs make all citizens feel they have a duty to uphold law and order in areas they reside. There are many forms of crimes which criminals engage in. For instance, some criminals peddle narcotics and break into people’s homes to steal their property. Some police departments do not have enough police officers and this makes it difficult for them to maintain law and order in areas where they operate. The concept of community policing helps the public fill the void by keeping their communities safe from any criminal activities. Community residents need to have unified objectives to enable them to tackle issues which are related to crime effectively. They need to take an active role in their own welfare by collaborating with the police to stop criminals from endangering their security (Inci ardi 135). Supporters of community policing argue that the practice helps reduce high criminal incidents in the society. They insist that since many police departments are underserved, community policing is the only effective way through which criminal incidents can be curbed. They argue that community residents partner with the police to come up with effective approach to tackle criminal incidents (Nalla and Newman 67). They also argue that community policing helps promote public safety in areas with rampant criminal incidents. It improves the relationship between community residents and the police which help solve problems quickly. This partnership helps residents safeguard the welfare of their neighborhood which ensures criminal incidents are contained before they take place (Nalla and Newman 67). Community policing makes residents living in an area be more vigilant on different activities which happen in their neighborhoods. This fosters a sense of duty and responsibility in peo ple living in a particular area. Therefore, residents are able to have a neighborhood watch, which helps protect them against any criminal threats (Nalla and Newman 67).Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Community policing gives law enforcement officers and community leaders an easy task to tackle rampant criminal incidents. This approach allows the community to share ideas on how they want police to help them reduce crime rates. This makes it possible for both parties to understand each other more to ensure positive results are achieved (Nalla and Newman 68). Community policing helps reduce fear in the society. A reduction in criminal incidents in a particular area makes it possible for different economic activities to be done without the fear of robbery or extortion. This improves the quality of life of people living in the area (Nalla and Newman 68). Opponents of communi ty policing argue that it may give rise to vigilantes. They argue that residents, who serve on the neighborhood watch patrol, may use excessive force when dealing with criminal suspects. Therefore, this has a bad effect on community policing. If residents who assist the police are not given clear instructions on what to do, they may overstep their roles and this can cause resentment in the community (Hess 117). Police officers and community residents may not have strong mutual trust to encourage them to partner and solve problems. This will make the approach unsuccessful because of the poor relationship between community residents and law enforcement officers. This affects the ability of the program to solve law enforcement problems at the community level (Hess 117). Some opponents argue that a lot of resources are needed to ensure community policing approaches succeed in communities where they are implemented. Limited resources make it difficult for community policing to succeed. I t becomes difficult for local residents to conduct routine patrols which are used to deter criminals. This ends up discouraging residents from participating in community policing which leads to poor results (Hess 118). Opponents of community policing argue that many civilians who are involved in the practice do not have skills needed to solve crimes. They argue that these people do not undergo any formal training to help them deal with criminal incidents in their neighborhoods. Therefore, they are unable to tackle complex crimes in the society (Hess 118). Community policing may encourage racial and ethnic profiling of minorities living in particular communities. Residents from the majority racial groups may accuse other residents of engaging in criminal activities. This leads to conflicts in the community brought about by prejudice and mistrust between residents. This alienates a section of residents who are likely to become unwilling to participate in community policing efforts (He ss 118).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Community Policing Programs in The U.S. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In my opinion, community policing has many advantages which outweigh its disadvantages. Community policing makes it possible for residents and police officers to collaborate to reduce criminal incidents. Residents understand issues of concern in areas where they live and they need to cooperate with police officers to find common solutions to criminal problems. It is vital for residents to be more vigilant to improve their own security. For instance, residents can be encouraged to light up streets which are close to their homes to deter criminals from mugging people (Gaines and Worral 103). They also need to be encouraged to lock all their doors whenever they go out or when they are sleeping to make it difficult for criminals to sneak into their homes. Residents need to consult the police to agree on appr oaches which need to be used to fight criminals using community policing. This will ensure that all residents are comfortable with the program to eliminate any form of apathy in the community. Effective community policing initiatives make it easy for the police to gather intelligence regarding various crimes. This helps to eliminate the fear residents have for criminals in the community (Gaines and Worral 105). This encourages more people to be willing to testify against criminals suspects in court, which improves security in the community. Gaines, Larry K., and John L. Worral. Police Administration. New York: Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Hess, Kren M. Introduction to Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. Belmont: Cengage Learning, 2005. Print. Inciardi, James A. Criminal Justice. London: McGraw Hill, 2001. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Nalla, Mahesh K., and Graeme R. Newman. Community Policing in Indigenous Communities. New York: CRC Press, 2013. Print.

Quality, by John Galsworthy

Quality, by John Galsworthy Best known today as the author of The Forsyte Saga,  John Galsworthy  (1867-1933) was a popular and prolific English novelist and playwright in the early decades of the 20th century. Educated at New College, Oxford, where he specialized in marine law, Galsworthy had a lifelong interest in social and moral issues, in particular, the dire effects of poverty. He eventually chose to write instead of pursuing law and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1932. In the  narrative essay Quality, published in 1912, Galsworthy depicts a German craftsmans efforts to survive in an era where success is determined by adverdisement, nod by work. Galsworthy depicts shoemakers attempting to stay true to their crafts in the face of a world driven by money and immediate gratification - not by quality and certainly not by true art or craftsmanship. Quality first appeared in The Inn of Tranquility: Studies and Essays (Heinemann, 1912). A portion of the essay appears below. Quality by John Galsworthy 1 I knew him from the days of my extreme youth because he made my fathers boots; inhabiting with his elder brother two little shops let into one, in a small by-street - now no more, but then most fashionably placed in the West End. 2 That tenement had a certain quiet distinction; there was no sign upon its face that he made for any of the Royal Famil - merely his own German name of Gessler Brothers; and in the window a few pairs of boots. I remember that it always troubled me to account for those unvarying boots in the window, for he made only what was ordered, reaching nothing down, and it seemed so inconceivable that what he made could ever have failed to fit. Had he bought them to put there? That, too, seemed inconceivable. He would never have tolerated in his house leather on which he had not worked himself. Besides, they were too beautiful - the pair of pumps, so inexpressibly slim, the patent leathers with cloth tops, making water come into ones mouth, the tall brown riding boots with marvelous sooty glow, as if, though new, they had been worn a hundred years. Those pairs could only have been made by one who saw before him the Soul of Boot - so truly were they prototypes incarnating the very spirit of all foot-gear. These thoughts, of course, came to me later, though even when I was promoted to him, at the age of perhaps fourteen, some inkling haunted me of the dignity of himself and brother. For to make boots - such boots as he made - seemed to me then, and still seems to me, mysterious and wonderful. 3 I remember well my shy remark, one day while stretching out to him my youthful foot: 4 Isnt it awfully hard to do, Mr. Gessler? 5 And his answer, given with a sudden smile from out of the sardonic redness of his beard: Id is an Ardt! 6 Himself, he was a little as if made from leather, with his yellow crinkly face, and crinkly reddish hair and beard; and neat folds slanting down his cheeks to the corners of his mouth, and his guttural and one-toned voice; for leather is a sardonic substance, and stiff and slow of purpose. And that was the character of his face, save that his eyes, which were gray-blue, had in them the simple gravity of one secretly possessed by the Ideal. His elder brother was so very like him - though watery, paler in every way, with a great industry - that sometimes in early days I was not quite sure of him until the interview was over. Then I knew that it was he, if the words, I will ask my brudder, had not been spoken; and, that, if they had, it was his elder brother. 7 When one grew old and wild and ran up bills, one somehow never ran them up with Gessler Brothers. It would not have seemed becoming to go in there and stretch out ones foot to that blue iron-spectacled glance, owing him for more than - say - two pairs, just the comfortable reassurance that one was still his client. 8 For it was not possible to go to him very often - his boots lasted terribly, having something beyond the temporary - some, as it were, essence of boot stitched into them. 9 One went in, not as into most shops, in the mood of: Please serve me, and let me go! but restfully, as one enters a church; and, sitting on the single wooden chair, waited - for there was never anybody there. Soon, over the top edge of that sort of well - rather dark, and smelling soothingly of leather - which formed the shop, there would be seen his face, or that of his elder brother, peering down. A guttural sound, and the tip-tap of bast slippers beating the narrow wooden stairs, and he would stand before one without coat, a little bent, in leather apron, with sleeves turned back, blinking - as if awakened from some dream of boots, or like an owl surprised in daylight and annoyed at this interruption. 10 And I would say: How do you do, Mr. Gessler? Could you make me a pair of Russia leather boots? 11 Without a word he would leave me, retiring whence he came, or into the other portion of the shop, and I would continue to rest in the wooden chair, inhaling the incense of his trade. Soon he would come back, holding in his thin, veined hand a piece of gold-brown leather. With eyes fixed on it, he would remark: What a beaudiful biece! When I, too, had admired it, he would speak again. When do you wand dem? And I would answer: Oh! As soon as you conveniently can. And he would say: To-morrow ford-nighd? Or if he were his elder brother: I will ask my brudder! 12 Then I would murmur: Thank you! Good-morning, Mr. Gessler. Goot-morning! he would reply, still looking at the leather in his hand. And as I moved to the door, I would hear the tip-tap of his bast slippers restoring him, up the stairs, to his dream of boots. But if it were some new kind of foot-gear that he had not yet made me, then indeed he would observe ceremony - divesting me of my boot and holding it long in his hand, looking at it with eyes at once critical and loving, as if recalling the glow with which he had created it, and rebuking the way in which one had disorganized this masterpiece. Then, placing my foot on a piece of paper, he would two or three times tickle the outer edges with a pencil and pass his nervous fingers over my toes, feeling himself into the heart of my requirements.

Recording reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Recording reality - Essay Example Simon Cowel, who was one of the judges of the Pop Idol show quit and launced his own show, the X factor and owned its television rights. However, there was a perceived similarity between the two shows and this created a legal dispute. The only existing difference between the shows is that in Idol, judges only sued to criticize the performances of the contestants, unlike in the X factor where the judges mentors the participants. Participants/ contestants have continued to gain popularity and publicity out of participation in this show. In addition, the winning person gets the prize of a recording contract (Blanco, 2014). The talent show is mainly concerned with locating a potential pop star individual or a group, singing talent, personality and appearance, stage presence and routines of dance, all these are fundamental elements of the participant’s performances. In the initial shows, each contestant performs once in the first show in the presence of some studio audience as well as judges, singing over a pre-recorded form of a backing track. Dancers are also featured in the whole process. Contestants are also allowed to carry with themselves guitars, a piano, or any other singing instrument. The X factor talent show is aimed at improving the lives of participants who have singing talents. Ben Haenow won the X factor and he could not believe it, this experience changed his entire life. Other purposes of the talent show include: Whereas not everyone admits to being a fan of the talent show, its strong appeal has spanned generations from different gender and socio-economic backgrounds. In addition to the purposes of entertainment and growing talents, the show also presents a mass marketing opportunity for businesses and organizations in the UK. Brands pay money in terms of premium for them to reach large audiences on the X factor especially on ITV. Any person of any age and those who believe that they have singing talents are always

Answering Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Answering Questions - Essay Example d activities are focused on is the construction of its social infrastructure, which proves their substantial degree of uncomplicatedness, and willingness to restrain from persecution; therefore, long-term survival. In most Arab countries, the brotherhood has integrated into political institutions. In the western countries, it has established itself in local Muslim communities by setting up Mosques, banks, Islam facilities, and educational and social institutions (MAITIC 6-8). Contemporary Shiites have a common form of Shi’ism that they adhere to; Twelver Shi’ism or the Imami. This belief is from the origins of Shi’ism which believed in the fundamental teaching that the Muslim Community’s rightful rulers were from a series of twelve Imams. This began with Ali ibn Abu Talib. This belief is continued to date. Shi’ism has continued to become the function of Iran’s politics based on the above ideology. Shi’ism has, however, discontinued in some of its institutions and traditions, as they are changed and determined by descendants who may not have what it takes to run the institutions, and guide the traditions properly (Fradkin). Earlier jihadist groups fought to conquer specific regions for both material and religious reaons. Jihadist groups fought to protect, to revenge, and to gain material wealth. They struggled to protect Islam, and against those who did not believe in Islamic God. Al Qaida also struggles against those who do not believe in Islamic God, but through a different way. Al Qaida are terrorists, and fight to achieve their aim through terror attacks. Earlier jihadists involved themselves in battles. The difference is in the ideology of battle and methods of struggles (Rabasa et al 9). Both the Sunni Islamist and Shia Islamists understanding of Jihad is the same. Both groups of Islamists consider Jihad as a holy war. Sunni Islamists believe that they should wage a holy war against the Shia Islamists who give honor to Mohammad’s descendants

Western Blot and its Applications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Western Blot and its Applications - Essay Example Western blot analysis can detect your protein of interest from a mixture of a great number of proteins. It can give you information about the size of your protein (with comparison to a size marker or ladder in kDa), and also give you information on protein expression (with comparison to a control such as untreated sample or another cell type or tissue). It can analyze any protein sample whether from cells or tissues, but also can analyze recombinant proteins synthesized in vitro.Western blot is dependent on the quality of antibody you use to probe for your protein of interest, and how specific it is for this protein. In western blotting, proteins are electrophoresed in polyacrylamide gel, transferred onto a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane, and the protein bands are detected by their specific interaction with antibodies, lectins or some other compounds. First step involves the separation of tissue. Then proteins are separated by gel electrophoresis from sample. If you are going to western blot for protein mass you can lyse in larger volumes If you are going to western blot a phospho-protein use phosphatase inhibitors. It will remove the phosphates from your proteins. If you are looking at protein-protein interactions use a less-stringent detergent such RIPA. By far the most common type of gel electrophoresis employs polyacrylamide gels and buffers loaded with Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS). SDS PAGE allows separation of proteins by their molecular weight. Steps involved in obtaining protein for western blot. The protein bands are transferred onto a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane; initially this was achieved by a capillary movement of buffer but now a days it is usually done by electrophoresis (electrophoretic blotting). The electrophoretic blotting, both of proteins and nucleic acids are much faster and more efficient than capillary blotting. One thing to be aware of is that proteins bind better to nitrocellulose at a low pH. You may need to go through some trial-and-error to find the optimal pH. You also need to be sure there are no air bubbles between the nitrocellulose and the gel or your proteins will not transfer. The specific protein bands are identified in a variety of ways. 1. Antibodies are the most commonly used probes for detecting specific antigens. 2. Lectins are used as probes for the identification of glycoproteins. These probes may themselves be radioactive or a radioactive molecule may be tagged to them. Often the identification process is based on a 'Sandwich' reaction. In such an approach, a species specific second antibody or protein A of Staphylococcus aureus or streptavidin is used to bind to the antibodies bound to the protein bands. These second molecules may be labelled with radioactive, enzyme or fluorescent tags, Steps in conducting a western blot. a single preparation of these labelled molecules can be employed as a general detector for various probes. Applications in different fields The conformity HIV test uses a HIV western blot to detect anti- HIV. The HIV Western blot consists of a thin nitrocellulose strip in which are embedded proteins claimed to be unique to HIV. Each protein is labelled with a 'p' followed by its molecular weight in thousands. Serum is added to the strip and if there are antibodies to a particular protein this band will 'light up'. The HIV Western blot is not standardised. Lyme disease testing also uses Western blotting. The IgG Western Blot is a sandwich-type immunoassay performed in a manner that allows visualization of the patient's antibodies. It is a qualitative test and is generally more sensitive and specific than the ELISA. A positive IgG result with clinical history may be indicative of

The SWOT analysis

The SWOT analysis PG is a global manufacturer and marketer of consumer products. It operates in five distinct business segments: fabric and home care, beauty care, baby and family care, health care and snacks and beverages. It has some of the most well-known and established brands in its portfolio but faces intense competition from other global consumer giants as well as local companies. Strengths Large scale of operations PG has significant scale advantages. It is the global leader in all its four core categories fabric and home care, beauty care, baby and family care, health care. Its products are sold in over 160 countries worldwide with manufacturing capabilities in over 42 countries. The company manufactures and markets close to 300 products. It derives substantial economies from its scale of operations in finance, logistics, marketing, research, new product development, innovation, technology and other functions. The companys huge buying power (from commodities to media) is being progressively leveraged through global procurement and services. A large scale gives PG significant competitive advantage against the smaller, unorganized players in local markets. Strong branding PG is one of the worlds most successful brand creation and brand building companies. The company participates in more than 40 product categories with 300 brands in roughly 60 markets. Some of its very well-known brands include Tide, Pampers, Bounty, Charmin, Cover Girl, Pantene, and Clairol. Moreover, as of 2004, the company had 13 brands with sales exceeding one billion dollars. Together, these brands have sales of over $24 billion. PG continuous involvement in consumer research helps it understand, anticipate and respond to consumer needs and wants and hence create marketing and advertising innovations more effectively and efficiently than many other companies. PG brand leadership helps it implement brand building innovations with retail and media partners in ways that few companies can match. It has one of the largest and strongest portfolios of trusted, quality brands, including Pampers, Tide, Ariel, Always, Whisper, Pantene, Bounty, Pringles, Folgers, Charmin, Downy, Lenor, Iams , Crest, Clairol Nice n Easy, Actonel, Dawn and Olay. These brands have leading market share in their respective categories, an offer the company a significant edge over its competitors. Product innovation PG creates more new brands and categories than any other consumer goods company. In 2003, three of the top 10 new non-food products introduced in the US were PG products. Over the past eight years, PG has introduced the number one or number two new non-food products in the US every year. PGs brand-creation and product development leadership is driven by the companys enormous research and development capacity. The company has nearly 7500 researchers working in 20 technical centres on four continents. It has more than 29,000 patented technologies for its products. Strong performance in core categories On a worldwide basis, fabric home care, beauty care, and baby family care products are Procter Gambles largest businesses, contributing a total of roughly 80% of sales. PGs fabric and home care is also its largest and oldest business and it continues to grow to record levels. The segments net sales grew 10% to $15.26 billion in 2005. The baby and family care and heath care divisions recorded an even higher growth in net sales. The net sales from the baby and family care division grew 11% to $11.9 billion while health care business recorded net sales growth of 11% to $7.8 billion in 2005. Strong performance by its core business groups is one of the prime reasons contributing to the companys above industry average revenue growth rates, and has significantly helped the company to grow to a stage where it is virtually hedged against threat from smaller new entrants. Developing markets infrastructure PGs developing markets infrastructure is a huge strategic advantage. The company has developed a best in class distribution infrastructure consisting of exclusive distributors in fast growing markets like China, Russia, Poland, the Philippines and India. Unlike most of its competitors, who use agnostic wholesalers that sell a variety of competing products, PGs network, while independently owned and operated, sell only PG HPC products (although often they carry various no competing food products). PGs scale allows these distributors to achieve higher dollar profit (not profit margin) while insuring that PGs products get all the distributors attention. Moreover, because of the large distribution pipe (unlike the multi-tributary wholesaler system), PG is able get the breadth of its products to market faster and more efficiently, even in the outer reaches of some of these developing markets, without multiple wholesaler markups that typically occur under the wholesaler system. The company s highly efficient markets infrastructure has helped the company in considerably increasing the speed at which its products reach the market and the companys overall market scalability vis-ÃÆ'Â  -vis its peers. Weaknesses Customer concentration The companys operations are heavily concentrated among its top customers. PGs largest customer, Wal-Mart, accounted for 18% (2003), 17% (2002) and 15% (2001) of sales. PGs top 10 customers account for 35% of its sales. A financial hardship experienced any of these customers; or a substantial decrease in sales to any one of the top customers could materially affect revenues and profitability of the company. Performance of the Clairol business Since the acquisition of Clairol in 2001, PG has been aggressive in using its distribution channels overseas to expand Clairol Herbal Essences shampoos and conditioners into new markets. In the US, however, the brands rapid growth before PG acquired Clairol has proven difficult to maintain and Herbal Essences has lost share in an environment of aggressive competitive promotional spending. With regard to the hair colorants side of Clairol, its 35% market share (approximately) in the US (number two position) has slipped further to market share leader LOreal. This in a scenario where global hair color is expected to grow at mid-to-high single digit rates in the next few years. The companys inability to grow its Clairol business could have a negative effect on the PG Beauty division. Overexposure to mature markets PG remains largely a mature-market company, with only 26% of sales and 22% of profits generated outside the US and Western Europe. Moreover the company is primarily exposed to mature categories in these markets, such as laundry detergents and paper. This indicates that the company focuses on leveraging its scale which often means growing where it already has a sizeable detergent and/or consumer paper business. The downside is that this strategy does not necessarily align its portfolio to tap growth, mainly in developing and emerging markets. As a result only 35% of PGs sales are in developing and emerging countries and its total market share in the FMCG segment is estimated to be below 20% as compared with 27% for Unilever. In contrast, its share in developed markets is estimated at 37% or twice Unilevers 18%. The companys overexposure to mature markets could act as a setback to future growth prospects. Opportunities Developing markets The consumer products business in developing markets is expected to be a significant opportunity for FMCG majors globally. This is primarily due to the fact that these markets are witnessing growth across three basic demographic factors: population growth, household formation and household income growth. These factors have driven developed market growth for decades and are now driving strong growth in many developing markets. China, for example, is now considered one of the most lucrative markets by FMCG companies, which could be further explored by the company. Due to growth across developing markets, PG can look towards achieving substantial growth by focusing on these higher-growth, structurally attractive markets. Gillette acquisition PG and Gillette are currently category captains at retailers in many of their respective product categories (given their leadership market share positions in their categories). Therefore the combination of these two dominant players will imply that they would to able to summon their competitive advantages across a wider variety of key categories, thereby increasing their competitive onslaught on smaller home and personal care (HPC competitors and private labels. Furthermore, the two companies also benefit from synergies in oral care, which could be a significant positive for PG. Other revenue upsides expected from the merger include Gillettes growth potential in emerging markets; cross-leveraging shaving and skin care brands and technologies; and, go-to-market efficiencies. The Gillette merger is expected to significantly add value to the company and help it further strengthen its already leading market position. New product pipeline PG has announced a full pipeline of new products to come in 2005. This is a clear evidence of PGs intense commitment and focus on its core business. Some of the most noted announcements include the launches of Hugo Boss Skin Care for men; Tamp ax Fresh tampons (the companys first scented flushable tampon, priced at a 10-15% premium to base Tampax); Iams Savory Sauces for dog and Iams MultiCat pet food; Charmin Basic toilet tissue (launched in February 2005 and Bounty Basic paper towels (launched in April 2005), both selling at a 15% discount to the brands base products; Bounty Glass and Surface Care towels; Charmin Mega Roll toilet tissue; and Tide Simple Pleasures. The launch of new products would significantly help the company in pushing forward its revenue generation across some of the otherwise matured product categories in the FMCG market. Threats Intense competition PG operates in a very competitive market, with rivals including consumer giants such as Johnson Johnson, Unilever and Kimberly-Clark. Each of these has revenues in excess of $10 billion. Private labels or store brands strive to match innovation quickly and try to present a compelling value alternative in many categories. This requires the company to continually strive to develop innovative products and price its goods competitively. For instance, sales in PGs beauty division could weaken sequentially as a result of an aggressive innovation drive from LOreal. Throughout 2005, LOreal is expected to launch a large number of new products globally. An increase in competitive onslaught by a majority of the companys competitors is expected to further challenge the companys growth. Increase in prices of raw materials The company is witnessing a significant increase in its raw material prices. Oil prices are up an average of nearly 40% year-to-date in calendar 2005 (after increasing 34% in 2004 and 19% in 2003), while resin prices are up an average of 14% (versus a 13% increase in 2004 and 21% increase in 2003) and pulp prices are up 8% (after rising 18% in 2004 and 14% in 2003). As a result of PG is facing higher commodities costs, which is expected to have a negative bearing over the companys earnings. ECs Gillette deal stipulations In 2005 EC announced that its only stipulation to the closing of the Gillette deal is PGs sale of its Crest Spinbrush business (brand which holds only a roughly 5% share of the power toothbrush market in Europe, representing nearly $200 million in sales to PG globally) as well as the licensing out of its oral care brand names associated with the Spinbrush, including Crest, Blend-a-Dent and Blend-a-Med. The licensing out of some of PGs oral care brand names has raised a concern over the companys ability to preserve the integrity of those brands given that those brands represent important future growth drivers for PGs toothpaste business. Furthermore this also raises a risk of the US Federal Trade Commission asking the company to further divest some of its other businesses. Uncertainty in pharmaceuticals business PGs Intrinsa, a prescription drug designed to counteract the loss of sexual desire in post-menopausal women, was rejected by the FDA in December 2004. The company is still waiting to hear from the FDA as to the extent of the required further testing of the product, to the extent its economical (the sample size is not too broad and the time frame of the test is not too long) span.. Concerns are also being raised over the FDA status of another drug soon to be launched by PG, Pexelizumab (a drug designed to reduce infarction and mortality post cardiac bypass surgery). This is primarily because the companys pharmaceuticals track record is marred by the withdrawal of both Vioxx and Celebrex from the market, in highly-publicized cases. The companys poor pharmaceuticals track record combined with an uncertain outlook for two of its major drug releases is expected to negatively impact the companys ability to grow in the highly lucrative over-the-counter pharmaceuticals market.

the bomb :: essays research papers

I read the book After the Bomb. I though this was a great book. The beginning of the book went slow. It was not very interesting. Philip is the main character. He likes to play the guitar and he likes girls. Matt, Philips, older brother is dating the girl he likes Cara. Cara is a popular girl at school. The book takes place in a town in the outskirts of Los Angeles, California.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the book Philip is trying to keep his family alive. The book starts in Philips room when he is playing his guitar. Then he goes down to dinner. The next night him and Matt go to the dance at their school. Matt is talking to a lot of girls so Cara takes Philip to dance on the dance floor. Then after the dance Philip goes home to practice his guitar and then he went to bed. The next day Matt barrows some money from Philip. That night at dinner Philip and his mother get into a very big fight.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Philip gets his guitar and goes in to the bomb shelter. Then Matt and Cara go down into the shelter to try to cheer him up. After a little while of talking they hear a very loud sudden sound. Matt opens the top of the shelters door and see’s a very bright dome shaped light. He jumps back into the shelter as fast as he could. Cara started freaking out and crying. A few minutes after the bomb stuck the earth Matt went out looking for his mother. After a while Philip starts to get very worried and goes out to check if Matt is all right. He see’s Matt trying to pick up his mother up so Philip goes and helps his brother pick up his mother and take her to the shelter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Philips mother is very severely burnt. She has burns all over her body from head to toe. Matt starts getting radiation sickness and throughs up. Philip goes to see if he could get help. Mean while the shelter starts to get real hot inside. Then Philip returns and gets his family to go next door to take shelter in the next door neighbors house’s basement. They stay cool there until all of the fires the bomb started go out and until the air gets better. After the fire goes out Philip and Cara go to explore.

American Wedding Essay

In the United States, the traditional western wedding custom is the bride usually wears a white dress and a veil to cover her face. She carries a bouquet of flowers and usually has something old (like a grandmothers necklace) something new (her dress) something borrowed (jewlery or a handkerchief) and something blue (a garter or underwear item).It is a long standing custom and it considered good luck for the bride. The bride and groom do not see each other the night before and up to the wedding ceremony. The bride usually has bridesmaids and the groom has groomsmen – the number of bridesmaids/groomsmen is up to the couple. I would say most wedding have around 4-5 bridesmaid . The ceremony usually takes place in church or in a chapel. It begins with the bridesmaids and groomsmen march down the aisle,and then followed by the ringbearer and flowergirl, then the bride is escorted down the aisle by her father. After the minister/priest gives a brief speech about the importance of marriage, the couple then says vows to one another (may be traditional or written on their own) and exchange rings. The couple is pronounced man and wife, have their first â€Å"married kiss† and then proceed down the aisle. (The traditional ceremony itself is often conducted by a religious leader known to the bride and/or the groom. The ceremony may include wedding vows written by the bride and the groom, in which they speak of their love and their desire to make their partner safe, happy and secure, and to be faithful to their partner and their partner alone for the rest of their lives. ) A reception is usually held after the ceremony. After dinner, the couple cuts the cake so that it may be served to guests during the special dances, has their first dance and then other special dances (father-of-the-bride/bride, mother-of-the-groom/groom, bridal party) occur. Then the dance floor is open for all guests to enjoy. A few hours later the groom removes the bride’s garter and performs the garter toss to all the single men. Then the bride throws her bouquet to the single ladies.

Europe’s Regions Demand `Power-Sharing` over GMO Crop Decision Essay

One of the issues being faced by the food and health authorities not only in Europe but worldwide is related to Genetically Modified Organisms or GMOs.   The discovery of Genetically Modified Organisms has created enough waves not only in the scientific but also in the trade and social dynamics in the present era.   It had been the subject of social and scientific studies to determine both the benefits and the possible harm that it can brought about to the consumers. Primarily, the benefits that GMOs offer has enlighten the scientific world due to the fact that it involves the utilization of the genetic processes that were scientifically established.   It involves manipulative changes in the genetic make-up of an organism. These modifications or alterations in the systems of most crops and also animals enhance their ability to better survive in most environments.   Some of the genetically modified products are medicines, vaccines, foods and crops.   The main focus of the study is in relation to the GMOs in crop production and the benefits and disadvantages that it can brought about to the society and the surroundings as a whole (US Department of Energy Office of Science, 2004). In terms of the crops and crop production, GMOs have proposed benefits such as in relation to the palatability of the product.   Based on the study it improves the flavour of the food when eaten.   Another is in terms of the time of harvest GMOs can shorten the turn about time of the cycle of growth.     Thus, the profit generated from the production can be achieved at a shorter period of time which is beneficial to the farmers and the agricultural sector.   The GMOs are also can withstand ailments through their development. This can be equated to higher yield in farming which is also a positive effect to agriculture.   Aside from the abilities of the crops to grow in hard conditions it also lead to the development of new farming practices and methods (US Department of Energy Office of Science, 2004).   With regards to the social attributes the production of GMOs aims to alleviate the shortage in the food supplies and to fill in the market for the sources of products in the trade industries.   This can also mean that the scarcity in terms of the sources of nourishment can be eliminated.   Solutions to this problem can help a larger part of the society. In as much as it can offer these benefits, issues on GMOs arise.   This includes issues regarding different facets of the society, in relation to safety and health of the people, the basis of eligibility of use, the moral and the social aspects.   With regards to any technology introduced in the market, the primary issue reiterated is the security of the consumer in using such product.   Doubts regarding the possible effects of these products when taken in by the population were the major concern. Health hazards are being considered, thus, studies regarding this field are being conducted to established knowledge that can protect the public.   The possible effects in the environment are one of the concerns with regards to the production of these GM crops.   When these crops are grown and reproduced, the succeeding generations of these crops will then have the same altered genetic makeup.   In this case the ecological dynamics of the environmental system will be altered and the possible effects to other organisms will still have to be studied (US Department of Energy Office of Science, 2004; Atherton, 2002).   Having dim and unknown areas in the feasibility of use gives doubt to groups in the society. Due to the fact that the advent of the GMO crops is one of the scientific technologies of our time, questions in the production and use of these products are included in the major concerns of the population.   Like any other technology that is present in the society, it is mainly the industrialised and developed nations with the capability to for the purchase and even production of these GMO crops can use the technology, thus, leaving the developing countries lagging behind in the production of such products with high potential of manipulating the market and trade in particular. The possible effects again include the increased need for these countries for support from the established nation.   One of the supports that can be given by these developed nations is providing the most needed jobs which can be production.   This happens in most cases that the developing countries are the main site of production of large companies in the developed countries.   This causes harm to the resources of the developing nation due to the fact that they serve as the location of manufacture, thus, also wastes (US Department of Energy Office of Science, 2004). The issues related to ethics are another important aspect that is being affected by the production of GMO crops.   This is mainly involved in the interference in the natural conditions of the organism, specifically the crops.   In this case, the natural potential of the crops are not preserved.   This process of altering the genetic makeup of the organisms is beneficial in some aspects, but it is important to consider that the organisms are made with the balance of the positive and the negative traits. In this view, without the balance there would also be changes in the environment.   One issue which is related also caused these changes in the ecosystems is the fact that in most countries that propagate these GMO crops does not promulgate rules with regards to separating the GMO crops with the normal crops.   In this case the transfer of genes by reproduction is not regulated creating a different breed with unknown effects and that can out grow the ordinary crops (US Department of Energy Office of Science, 2004). Due to the fact that the production of GMO crops can propagate profits because of higher yield, the developed nations have increased interest in this technology.   In relation to the increasing effect of GMOs in the society, different advocacies arise with regards to the position that this technology and its potentials.   Most of the organisations move for the equal chances of the GMOs and quality agricultural products in the market.   This most specifically occurs in the European region. They demanded for the right to take part in the resolution of problems and issues in relation to the production and distribution of the GMO product specifically crops.   Due to the fact that GMOs are capable of mass production because of the benefits that was discussed earlier, they have more power in the market as compared to the traditional and natural crops that are produced.   There had been an increasing distribution of GMOs due to the promotion conducted by developed countries but most European countries on the other hand are promoting GMO-free regions. The organisations that are actively moving for the solutions of issues regarding GMOs are the Assembly of European Regions and Friends of the Earth Europe.   Their movement is on the basis of the realized need of the European nation to have equal chances and competition with the GMOs.   This is in relation to the fair competition between genetically modified crops, conventional crops and products of organic farming.   Even other countries are posing for the termination of distribution of GMOs in their respective nations. The main objective of these organizations includes the protection of the environments and every components of the ecosystem.   The in-depth study of the possible effects of the technologies introduced in the public is another concern of these groups.   Upon the study of these effects, the safety of the population and the ways of maintaining security is another.   Objectives of these groups also include the continuous promotion and propagation of the traditional non-GMO crops.   This ensures that the trade of the European products with less competition from the GMOs will propagate.   The production of the genetically modified crops also affected the economy and the market dynamics in Europe, thus, one aim of these advocacies is to prevent any detrimental effect of these products to the progress on the country’s farming industries that receive the hardest blow.    Also, through the participation of the countries in the European region, the organization aim for counteracting the effects of pollution such as pesticides by having the responsible groups to pay for the damage incurred and even the possible profits for the harvest of the crops grown in the conventional way.   The freedom to decide the target market of the crops produced is another aim of the advocacy of these groups.   With this includes the decision making process in the methods to be applied in the propagation of the traditional crops.   This process includes the freedom to deter the growing and farming of GMO crops. And lastly is the determination and safeguarding of sources of crops that are grown.   The seeds that are distributed be identified to be able to separate the GMO and the non-GMO crops.   These objectives deem to lessen if not fully eliminate the propagation of the GMO crops in the market (Friends of the Earth Europe, 2005).   Also, the creation of a unified system is to be able to give reactions to the issues being faced by the European nations.   Having representation for every nation and country in the European nation will enable a faster communication and consensus regarding matters related to the safety, quality of products distributed to the population and the effects in the national economy and that for the whole region. Based on the objectives of the movement the movements that advocate the termination of GMO crop production, there has been a case filed in the WTO regarding issues on GMO.   This is on the bases of the following notions.   First is the request for the increase in the capacity of the consumers to decide on the products that would be purchased.   In relation to this, it is important that the variety of products is available in the market.   In cases wherein the GMO crops have higher yield, it can be related to a higher availability in the market.   This shows an increase responsibility that is given to the consumers to decide on their own. Another notion is the establishment of a main body and authority that can regulate the dynamics that is related to the production and propagation of GMO crops in the market.   In this case, the aside from the responsibility given to the population to decide on their own, there is a standard organization that can show the way to the public and help them in the establishment of the choices that they are making regarding the products, specifically the food supply (Sem, & Andersen, 2003).   It has been viewed that the assault that the US addressed to the EU is on the basis of taking the side of science or the technological view with regards to control in the decision making process on issues relating to GMO crops (Toke, 2004). The trend in the society with regards to the introduction of technologies is based mainly in the scientific field.   In this matter, it can be supposed that scientific decision making process has a great influence in the dynamics of the market processes.   In this matter, a great control of the factors that affect the society can be attributed to science.   This has certain disadvantages because the process in science is mainly based on knowledge that is continuously developing, thus, greater and comprehensive study must be conducted in the introduction of new discoveries in the population, such as GMO crops.   This on the basis, that these products affect every aspect of the society and human being (Lafond, 2001). The decision making process in relation to the scientific technologies such as the production of GMOs can be included in the trend that is occurring in the society with regards to the shifting of the problems in the science being related to politics.   This is exhibited by the need for in organization of the sectors involved in the issues on GMOs.   The position being played by science in the issues of GM crops is in relation to the shifting of the importance of science to the influence in political issues in the society.   The nations in the European nations are seeking to be included in the decision making process regarding GMOs. This can be related to the notion that the dispersion of these products is being conducted by powerful factions and organizations in the society, thus, they seek to have a more democratic decision making process wherein they can participate.   They view on the need for the deregulation of the power of science to introduce technologies on the basis of the possible danger that it can brought about to the population. On the other hand, an opposing notion fights for the position of science as an authority in projects that can benefit the people.   Some on the other hand view, that there cannot be a demarcation that can set the issues straight on the basis of just pro and against the GMO technology.   As any other technology applied and being used by the population, it involves a complex interplay of the different factors such as the effects in the society, in governance, in the trade and commercial aspects and most importantly in the cultural aspects that defined the norm of the people (Toke, 2004). In issues such as this which involves the feasibility of a technological discovery for use by the general population, it is important to consider every possible effect on all aspects of the society.   This is due to the fact that once the knowledge such as the cultivation and proliferation of GMO crops in the society.   There is no turning back.   It can alter every aspect that includes every the genetic composition of the every organism and even human. Based on comparative study on the propagation of the GMO technology in the US and EU it was determined that there are certain factors that affect the differences in the decisions regarding the issue.   One reason is the differences in the view of the two regions regarding the issue.   The US policies are basically more on the promotion of the technological advances in their region while on the other hand the EU deemed that the outlook of the cooperating nations, sectors and population is important with regards to the standardization and use of such technologies.   Another factor is the differences in the impact of the environmental effects to these two regions. The environmental issues of any introduced technology have greater effects to the leaders of the EU as compared to US.   Another important factor is the occurrence of the crisis of BSE that lead to the establishment of the European Food Authority.   With this occurrence, the European region had been determined to prevent another occurrence of a major crisis that will affect the health of the population (Lafond 2001).   Another factor that can be attributed to the non-GMO propagation in the European region is the importance that is being given to the quality of the crops that are being produced in the market.   This is based on cultural aspects of the people and the norms that are set in the region (Toke, 2004). In the move to have a fair consideration with regards to the matters concerning the GMO crops, the Council of the European Communities advices two scenarios.   It is either the termination of the propagation of the GMO crops or their purposeful distribution in the surroundings.   The dispersal of the GMO crops is conducted to be the basis of the research process that will follow. The results of the study will serve as the basis for the decisions regarding GMOs.   This is the case although is divergence in the objectives of the different sectors of the society (Szczepanik, 1993).   This is only one of the possible ways of participating in the decision process regarding the issues in the society specifically that related to the food industry which can greatly affect the health of the population. With regards to any issues in the society, it is an important consideration that there exists an organization that will serve as an authority in the decision making process related to the application of any technology in the society.   Although this is the case, the representation of the different sectors of the society is essential to be able to give the possible effects in relation to their respective regions. The consensus of the member nations is important in such an organization.   The establishment of this organization needs the cooperation of the nations in the European region.   Based on the cases studied though, these region works for a GMO-free nation, thus, the movement that is needed to be made is regarding data gathering that can support the notion that was chosen. The consciousness of the society and the leaders of every nation that belongs in the European Union is important in the establishment and decision making not only in issues regarding the genetically modified organisms but also in other issues that can arise that may endanger the safety of the public and the nature as well.   Thus, cooperation is detrimental in the process. References Atherton, K. (2002) Genetically modified crops  : Assessing safety.   London  : Taylor & Francis. Friends of the Earth Europe (2006) The genetic contamination organic agriculture in Europe.   Biotech Mailout. Friends of the Earth Europe (2005) Safeguarding sustainable European agriculture. Assembly of European Regions.   Available from  : [Accessed 15 June 2006] Lafond, F.   (2001) The creation of European Food Authority  : Institutional implications of risk regulation.   European Issues, 10. Lafond, F.   (2005) Towards a European bioethics policy? Institutional structuring and political responses.   Health governance in Europe: Issues, challenges and theories.   London, Routledge, 2005 Sem, SW & Andersen, L. (2003) Concerting US’ WTO case against the EU moratorium on GMO.   The US Embassy in Norway  : Norwegian Foreign Affairs.   Available online from  : [Accessed 15 June 2006] Stenzel, P. (2002) Why and how the World Trade Organization must promote environmental protection.   Duke University, School of Law  : Gale Group. Szczepanik, V. (1993) Regulation of biotechnology in the European community.   Law and Policy in International Business, 24 (2), p. 617-646. Toke, D.   (2004) The Politics of GM food  : A comparative study of the UK, USA and EU.   New York  : Routledge. US Department of Energy Office of Science (2004) Genetically modified foods and organisms [online].   USA  : US Department of Energy.   Available from  : [Accessed 15 June 2006]